Elastomeric Roll for an Electrophotographic Image Forming Device having Compressible Hollow Microparticles Defining a Surface Texture of the Roll

ABSTRACT

A roll for use in an electrophotographic image forming device according to one example embodiment includes an elastomeric core having hollow microparticles dispersed within the core. The hollow microparticles are compressive and resiliently recoverable after receiving an applied force. Portions of at least some of the hollow microparticles extend beyond an outer circumference of the core and provide a surface texture to the core.

CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This patent application is related to U.S. patent application Ser. No.______ (Attorney Docket No. P605), filed ______, 2013, entitled“Elastomeric Roll for an Electrophotographic Image Forming Device havingCompressible Hollow Microparticles” and U.S. patent application Ser. No.______ (Attorney Docket No. P607), filed ______, 2013, entitled“Elastomeric Roll for an Electrophotographic Image Forming Device havinga Coating that includes Compressible Hollow Microparticles.”

BACKGROUND

1. Field of the Disclosure

The present disclosure relates generally to rolls used inelectrophotographic image forming devices and more particularly to aroll for an electrophotographic image forming device having compressiblehollow microparticles defining a surface texture of the roll.

2. Description of the Related Art

During the image formation process of an electrophotographic imageforming device, toner is transferred from a toner reservoir by varioustoner carrying members (including rolls) to a media sheet to form atoned image on the media sheet. For example, during a print or copyoperation, a charging roll charges the surface of a photoconductive drum(PC drum) to a specified voltage. A laser beam is then directed to thesurface of the PC drum and selectively discharges those areas itcontacts to form a latent image. A developer roll, which forms a nipwith the PC drum, may transfer toner to the PC drum to form a tonerimage on the PC drum. A toner adder roll may supply toner from the tonerreservoir to the developer roll. A metering device such as a doctorblade may meter toner onto the developer roll and apply a desired chargeon the toner prior to its transfer to the PC drum. The toner isattracted to the areas of the surface of the PC drum discharged by thelaser beam. The toner image on the PC drum is transferred eitherdirectly by the PC drum or indirectly by one or more intermediatetransfer members to the media sheet. The media sheet having the tonerthereon passes through a fuser assembly that applies heat and pressureto fix the toner image to the media sheet.

Generally, a large portion of the energy consumed by anelectrophotographic image forming device is in the power required todrive the motors and rotating components within the device. Reducing thetorque required to drive the various rotating components reduces theoverall energy consumption of the device. One way to reduce the requiredtorque is to decrease the mass of the rotating components. Accordingly,rolls for use in an electrophotographic image forming device havingdecreased mass are desired. In addition, decreased mass also reduces thepotential for product damage during general shipping conditions, e.g.,dropping the product, vibration during shipping, etc.

Further, the force subjected to toner as it transfers between variousrolls and components on its way from the toner reservoir to the mediasheet may damage the toner at the particle level. For example, theparticles may deform, fracture or lose extra particulate additives as aresult of the forces applied by the components of the image formingdevice. This damage may lead to print defects such as toner filming.Toner damage may be reduced by decreasing the amount of force applied tothe toner during its transfer. Accordingly, rolls for use in anelectrophotographic image forming device that reduce toner working aredesired.

A cost effective method for manufacturing rolls having decreased massand/or that reduce toner working while maintaining tight control overthe rolls' properties is also desired.

SUMMARY

A roll for use in an electrophotographic image forming device accordingto one example embodiment includes an elastomeric core having hollowmicroparticles dispersed within the core. The hollow microparticles arecompressive and resiliently recoverable after receiving an appliedforce. Portions of at least some of the hollow microparticles extendbeyond an outer circumference of the core and provide a surface textureto the core.

A method for forming a roll core for use in an electrophotographic imageforming device according to one example embodiment includes shaping theroll core from a mixture of an uncured elastomer and hollowmicroparticles. The uncured elastomer of the shaped roll core is curedwithout permanently expanding hollow microparticles positioned near theouter surface of the shaped roll core. After curing, the hollowmicroparticles positioned near the outer surface of the shaped roll coreare permanently expanded to form the roll core having compressible andresiliently recoverable hollow microparticles extending beyond an outercircumference of the roll core and providing a surface texture to theroll core.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings incorporated in and forming a part of thespecification, illustrate several aspects of the present disclosure, andtogether with the description serve to explain the principles of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view of a roll having a core with hollowmicroparticles for use in an electrophotographic image forming deviceaccording to one example embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a process for making the rollshown in FIG. 1 according to one example embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of a roll for an electrophotographicimage forming device having a coating according to one exampleembodiment.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the roll shown in FIG. 4 showing hollowmicroparticles dispersed in a coating of the roll according to oneexample embodiment.

FIGS. 5A-C show sequential views of the response of the coating shown inFIG. 4 to a force applied to the roll by a doctor blade.

FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view of a roll having hollow microparticlesproviding a surface topography of the roll for use in anelectrophotographic image forming device according to one exampleembodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a process for making the rollshown in FIG. 6 according to one example embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following description, reference is made to the accompanyingdrawings where like numerals represent like elements. The embodimentsare described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art topractice the present disclosure. It is to be understood that otherembodiments may be utilized and that process, electrical, and mechanicalchanges, etc., may be made without departing from the scope of thepresent disclosure. Examples merely typify possible variations. Portionsand features of some embodiments may be included in or substituted forthose of others. The following description, therefore, is not to betaken in a limiting sense and the scope of the present disclosure isdefined only by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly to FIG. 1, a roll100 for use in an electrophotographic image forming device, such as, forexample a developer roll, is shown in cross section according to oneexample embodiment. In other embodiments, roll 100 may be another rollused in an electrophotographic image forming device such as, forexample, a toner adder roll for supplying toner to a developer roll, acharge roll for charging the surface of a photoconductive drum, a backupor pressure roll for a fuser, etc. Roll 100 includes a roll core 102mounted (e.g., molded) on a shaft 104. Shaft 104 may be electricallyconductive or non-conductive. Conductive material may include metal suchas aluminum, aluminum alloys, stainless steel, iron, nickel, copper,etc. Polymeric materials for shaft 104 may include polyamide,polyetherimide, etc.

Core 102 may be made of a thermoplastic or thermoset elastomeric typematerial. The elastomeric material may substantially recover(e.g., >75%) after an applied stress (e.g., a compression type force).The elastomeric material may be any suitable material that provides theability for roll 100 to elastically deform at a given nip location inthe image forming device while also providing some level of nippressure. For example, core 102 may include an electrically conductiveor semi-conductive soft rubber. The soft rubber may include, forexample, silicone rubber, nitrile rubber, ethylene propylene copolymers,polybutadiene, styrene-co-butadiene, isoprene rubber, polyurethane, or ablend or copolymer of any of these rubbers. In one embodiment, core 102is comprised of a polyurethane elastomer including an isocyanate portionand a polyol portion. The isocyanate portion may include, for example,toluene diisocyanate (TDI), polymeric TDI, diphenylmethane diisocyanate(MDI), polymeric MDI, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H₁₂MDI),polymeric H₁₂MDI, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polymeric IPDI,1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), polymeric HDI, etc. The polyolportion may include, for example, a polyether, polyester, polybutadiene,polydimethylsiloxane, etc. having two or more reactive hydroxyl groupsor mixtures thereof. The conductivity of core 102 may be supplied by oneor more ionic additives, inherently conductive polymers, carbon black,carbon nanoparticles, carbon fibers, graphite, etc. The ionic additivesmay include, for example, LiPF₆, LiAsF₆, LiClO₄, LiBF₄, LiCF₃SO₃,LiN(SO₂CF₃)₂, LiC(SO₂CF₃)₃, LiPF₃(C₂F₅), Cs(CF₃COCH₂COCF₃) (abbreviatedas CsHFAc), KPF₆, NaPF₆, CuCl₂, FeCl₃, FeCl₂, Bu₄NPF₆, Bu₄NSO₃CF₃,Bu₄NCl, Bu₄NBr or dimethylethyldodecylammonium ethosulfate. Theinherently conductive polymer(s) may include, for example, polyaniline,poly(3-alkylthiophenes), poly(p-phenylenes), or poly(acetylenes).

Roll 100 also includes hollow microparticles 106 such as hollowmicrospheres dispersed within core 102. Hollow microparticles 106 arecompressible under a pressure range of 0.1 to 10 bars and areresiliently recoverable to substantially their original size and shape.In one embodiment, the median size of hollow microparticles 106 isbetween about 1 μm and about 100 μm including all values and incrementstherebetween and may be as large as 500 μm. In one embodiment, the sizerange of hollow microparticles 106 (i.e., the difference between thetenth percentile (10%) particle size and the ninetieth percentile (90%)particle size) does not exceed one and a half times (1.5×) the medianparticle size. In one embodiment, two or more sets of hollowmicroparticles 106 are dispersed within core 102, each set differing byat least one property (e.g., size). Where roll 100 includes more thanone set of hollow microparticle sizes, in one embodiment, the size rangeof each set of hollow microparticles 106 (i.e., the difference betweenthe tenth percentile (10%) particle size and the ninetieth percentile(90%) particle size for that set) does not exceed one and a half times(1.5×) the median particle size of the set. Hollow microparticles 106may include, for example, Expancel® Microspheres from AkzoNobel N.V.,Amsterdam, the Netherlands or Dualite Microspheres from HenkelCorporation, Dusseldorf, Germany. Hollow microparticles 106 may bepre-expanded or expanded during the formation of core 102 as discussedin greater detail below.

Roll 100 may include a coating (not shown) on the outer surface of core102 as desired. For example, the coating may include an electricallyconductive material in order to tune the electrical resistivity of theouter surface of roll 100 with respect to core 102. For example, thecoating may include polyurethane and a conductive additive. Theisocyanate portion and the polyol portion of the polyurethane mayinclude any of the materials discussed above with respect to core 102.Additional curatives such as atmospheric moisture or polyamines may beused in conjunction with or as a replacement for the polyol portion ofthe polyurethane. In this embodiment, polyamines may include, forexample, small molecule or polymer structures such as polyethers havingtwo or more reactive amine groups. Further, the conductive additive mayinclude any of the additives discussed above with respect to core 102.The coating may also include additional fillers such as, for example,silica to control rheological properties. The coating may be applied byany conventional means known in the art such as, for example, dip orspray coating.

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a process 1000 for manufacturingroll 100 according to one example embodiment. At step 1001, the uncuredelastomer of core 102 and hollow microparticles 106 in their unexpandedstate are loaded into a mixing vessel 1010. At step 1002, the uncuredelastomer and microparticles are mixed thoroughly to create a uniformdispersion 1012. At step 1003, the dispersed mixture 1012 is injected orotherwise loaded into a mold cavity 1014 in the shape of core 102. Atstep 1004, the mold cavity 1014 is heated in order to cure the elastomerand to permanently expand hollow microparticles 106. In this embodiment,hollow microparticles 106 include a polymer shell (e.g., a poly(methylacrylate) (PMA) copolymer) encapsulating a gas (e.g., a hydrocarbon suchas isobutane). When heated, the internal pressure from the gas increasesand the shell stretches plastically thereby increasing the volume ofmicroparticles 106. In one embodiment, hollow microparticles 106 arepermanently expanded upon heating to a temperature between 80° C. and175° C. At step 1005, the molded component is cooled and removed frommold cavity 1014 resulting in core 102. After the hollow microparticles106 are cooled, the shell retains its increased size without permittingthe gas to leak from or deflate the shell. Care must be taken not tooverheat the microparticles during step 1004 so as not to damage theshell which may cause the gas to leak from the shell causing themicroparticle to deflate and shrink. After core 102 is removed from moldcavity 1014, core 102 may then be moved to any desired finishingoperations such as, for example, a coating operation. In onealternative, hollow microparticles 106 are preexpanded to their finalsize prior to mixing with the uncured elastomer such that the heatingperformed at step 1004 cures the elastomer but does not substantiallyalter the size of hollow microparticles 106. In another alternative, atstep 1004, mold cavity 1014 is heated to a temperature sufficient tocure the elastomer but less than a minimum temperature at which hollowmicroparticles 106 permanently expand. The molded component may then beheated above the minimum temperature at which hollow microparticles 106permanently expand either before or after the molded component isremoved from mold cavity 1014 in order to permanently expand hollowmicroparticles 106.

Example 1

Samples were prepared with hollow microspheres having the trade nameExpancel® Microspheres from AkzoNobel N.V. (model number 461DU40)dispersed in silicone rubber. The silicone rubber was cured prior topermanently expanding the hollow microspheres. The samples were heatedto permanently expand the hollow microspheres and tested to determinethe percentage increase in sample thickness resulting from the expansionof the hollow microspheres as summarized in Table 1 below.

TABLE 1 Weight Percentage of hollow microspheres in silicone rubber %Increase in sample thickness 9.1% (9-15 μm microparticles) 3.80% 20.1%(9-15 μm microparticles) 11.5%

As seen in Table 1, additional expansion of the samples was achievedupon expanding the hollow microparticles even after the silicone rubberhad already been cured. It is believed that if the silicone rubber wasnot cured prior to heating, the observed sample expansion would be muchgreater.

Roll 100 having core 102 with hollow microparticles 106 dispersedtherein has a lower mass in comparison with a roll having a solid corewithout hollow microparticles 106 given the same geometric dimensions.Foam cores are also known to reduce the mass of a roll in comparisonwith a roll having a solid core. However, the creation of cells usinghollow microparticles 106 presents advantages over known foam creatingtechniques. For example, current foam processes generally utilize achemical process or an aeration process to form an elastomeric foamhaving a cell structure. The chemical process relies on a chemicalreaction that produces a gas as a byproduct during the formation of theelastomer. The gas creates the cells in the foam. The aeration processintroduces air during the mixing process in order to create cells in thefoam. Both of these processes require tight process control in order tokeep the cell sizes within a desired distribution. In contrast, thedensity of the cells in roll 100 can be controlled more easily simply byadjusting the percentage of hollow microparticles 106 in core 102.Further, the cell sizes can be readily controlled by the selection ofthe hollow microparticles 106 based on the unexpanded or expandedparticle size. The cell sizes may also be controlled by the temperatureduring particle expansion and the duration of heating. The distributionof the cell sizes is dictated by the particle size distribution of thehollow microparticles 106 which can be tightly controlled. Further,because microparticles 106 deflect under pressure and their originalshape is recoverable, the hardness of core 102 may be tuned as desired.Accordingly, the inclusion of hollow microparticles 106 in core 102permits improved process control of the mass and hardness of core 102.Specifically, the mass and mechanical properties of core 102 may becontrolled by adjusting the pore density of core 102 and the mechanicalproperties of core 102 may be further controlled by controlling the cellsizes.

With reference to FIG. 3, a roll 200 for use in an electrophotographicimage forming device, such as, for example a developer roll, is shown incross section according to one example embodiment. Roll 200 includes anelastomeric core 202 mounted on a shaft 204. Shaft 204 may beelectrically conductive or non-conductive and may be composed of thematerials discussed above with respect to shaft 104 of roll 100. Likecore 102 discussed above, core 202 may be made of a thermoplastic orthermoset elastomeric type material that substantially recovers after anapplied stress. Core 202 may be composed of the materials discussedabove with respect to core 102 of roll 100 and may include theconductive additives discussed above. In one embodiment, core 202includes hollow microparticles such as hollow microparticles 106discussed above. Alternatively, core 202 may be solid in construction orcore 202 may be a foam material having a closed cell structure.

Roll 200 includes a coating 206 on the outer surface of core 202. Asdiscussed above, the coating may include an electrically conductivematerial in order to tune the electrical resistivity of the outersurface of roll 200 with respect to core 202. The coating may becomposed of the materials discussed above with respect to the optionalcoating of roll 100 and may include the curatives, fillers andconductive additives discussed above. With reference to FIG. 4, coating206 includes hollow microparticles 208 dispersed therein. Hollowmicroparticles 208 may have the properties and may be composed of thematerials of hollow microparticles 106 discussed above with respect toroll 100. In one embodiment, hollow microparticles 208 are permanentlyexpanded prior to curing coating 206, which may be cured by any suitablemethod such as, for example, heating, UV or IR curing, etc. In anotherembodiment, hollow microparticles 208 are dispersed in coating 206 intheir pre-expanded state and expanded to their final size after coating206 has been cured. In another embodiment, hollow microparticles 208 aredispersed in coating 206 in their pre-expanded state and coating 206 andhollow microparticles 208 are then heated in order to cure coating 206and to permanently expand hollow microparticles 208. In one embodiment,two or more sets of hollow microparticles 208 are dispersed withincoating 206, each set differing by at least one property (e.g., size).Where coating 206 includes more than one set of hollow microparticlesizes, in one embodiment, the size range of each set of hollowmicroparticles 208 (i.e., the difference between the tenth percentile(10%) particle size and the ninetieth percentile (90%) particle size forthat set) does not exceed one and a half times (1.5×) the medianparticle size of the set.

With reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, in one embodiment, roll 200 includes acoating support layer 210 positioned between coating 206 and the outersurface of core 202. Coating support layer 210 may be a primer layerthat increases the adhesion between coating 206 and the outer surface ofcore 202. Coating support layer 210 may alternatively be a layer of thesame material as coating 206 except without hollow microparticles 208 inorder to achieve a desired total coating thickness (coating supportlayer 210+coating 206). In another embodiment, no coating support layer210 is present and coating 206 having hollow microparticles 208 isapplied directly to the outer surface of core 202. In anotherembodiment, a layer of the coating material without hollowmicroparticles 208 may be positioned on top of the coating layer 206having hollow microparticles 208 such that the hollow microparticles 208of coating layer 206 translate through the coating layer without hollowmicroparticles 208 to define the surface topography of roll 200. In oneembodiment, the total coating thickness is between about 1 and 100 μmincluding all values and increments therebetween. In one embodiment, thethickness of the coating layer without hollow microparticles 208positioned on top of coating layer 206 is between about 1 and 100 μmincluding all values and increments therebetween.

The surface topography and roughness of roll 200 may be tailored to adesired value based on the thickness of coating 206 and theconcentration and size of hollow microparticles 208 included in coating206. In general, a larger coating thickness will tend to have a lowersurface roughness value. Where roll 200 is a developer roll, the surfacetopography may be tailored to achieve a desired toner mass flow. Ingeneral, a rougher surface will tend to carry more toner (by mass) perarea of the surface of roll 200. In one embodiment, the surfaceroughness (Ra) of roll 200 is between 0.1 and 5.0 μm including allvalues and increments therebetween. In one embodiment, the surfaceroughness (Rz) of roll 200 is between 0.1 and 25 μm including all valuesand increments therebetween.

Example 2

Samples were prepared with hollow microspheres having the trade nameExpancel® Microspheres from AkzoNobel N.V. (model number 461DU40)dispersed in a silicone coating. The mixture was 20% by weight of themicrospheres. The coating samples were cured prior to permanentlyexpanding the hollow microspheres. The samples were then heated topermanently expand the hollow microspheres. The samples were tested todetermine the surface roughness before and after expansion of themicrospheres according to various methods as summarized in Table 2below.

TABLE 2 Before Heating After Heating Ra Rz Rpc Ra Rz Rpc Exposure Type(μm) (μm) (cm⁻¹) (μm) (μm) (cm⁻¹) UV Surface Heating 0.091 0.949 3.7502.091 17.497 242.500 (5 second exposure) Bulk Heating via 0.096 0.9484.167 0.458 4.610 217.292 Oven (125° C. for 1 hour)

It is believed that the UV treatment resulted in a higher temperaturethan the 125° C. oven and therefore caused greater microsphereexpansion. Accordingly, it can be observed from Table 2 that the surfaceroughness of a coating can be tailored by the inclusion of hollowmicroparticles.

As discussed above, hollow microparticles 208 are compressible underpressure and resiliently recoverable to substantially their originalshape after deformation. FIGS. 5A-C show an example of this dynamicresponse. In FIG. 5A, a doctor blade 212 is shown engaged with the outersurface of roll 200 along coating 206. As roll 200 rotates (to the rightor clockwise as viewed in FIGS. 5A-C), the generally stationary doctorblade 212 passes along the outer circumference of roll 200 and applies aforce to the outer surface of roll 200 across the axial length of roll200 in order to regulate the amount of toner carried by roll 200. Asroll 200 rotates further, as shown in FIG. 5B, the force of doctor blade212 causes hollow microparticles 208 to deflect as doctor blade 212passes. As roll 200 rotates further, as shown in FIG. 5C, the hollowmicroparticles 208 deflected by doctor blade 212 recover tosubstantially their original size and shape. In this manner, hollowmicroparticles 208 act as shock absorbers for the toner on roll 200since hollow microparticles 208 are more compliant than toner particlesthereby reducing the mechanical working applied to the toner andultimately the damage incurred by the toner during theelectrophotographic development process.

In the example embodiment illustrated, coating 206 is unground. However,a grinding operation may be applied to coating 206 in order to releasesome of the hollow microparticles 208 from coating 206 to form voids incoating 206 to further tune the surface roughness of coating 206.

With reference to FIG. 6, a roll 300 for use in an electrophotographicimage forming device, such as, for example a developer roll, is shown incross section according to one example embodiment. Roll 300 includes anelastomeric core 302 mounted on a shaft 304. Shaft 304 may beelectrically conductive or non-conductive and may be composed of thematerials discussed above with respect to shafts 104 and 204. Like cores102 and 202 discussed above, core 302 may be made of a thermoplastic orthermoset elastomeric type material that substantially recovers after anapplied stress. Core 302 may be composed of the materials discussedabove with respect to cores 102 and 202 and may include the conductiveadditives discussed above. Roll 300 includes hollow microparticles 306dispersed within core 302. Hollow microparticles 306 may have theproperties and may be composed of the materials of hollow microparticles106 and 208 discussed above. Portions of some of the hollowmicroparticles 306 of roll 300 extend beyond the outer circumference ofcore 302 and thereby provide a surface texture to core 302. In contrast,hollow microparticles 106 of roll 100 are substantially contained withinthe outer circumference of core 102. In one embodiment, roll 300 doesnot include a coating on core 302. Instead, hollow microparticles 306provide the surface topography directly. In another embodiment, acoating layer that does not include hollow microparticles is included onthe outer surface of core 302 such that hollow microparticles 306 incore 302 translate through the coating to define the surface topographyof roll 300. The coating may be composed of the materials discussedabove with respect to the optional coating of roll 100 and may includethe curatives, fillers and conductive additives discussed above.

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a process 3000 for manufacturingroll 300 according to one example embodiment. At step 3001, the uncuredelastomer of core 302 and hollow microparticles 306 in their unexpandedstate are loaded into a mixing vessel 3010. At step 3002, the uncuredelastomer and microparticles are mixed thoroughly to create a uniformdispersion 3012. At step 3003, the dispersed mixture 3012 is injected orotherwise loaded into a mold cavity 3014 in the shape of core 302. Atstep 3004, mold cavity 3014 is heated to a temperature sufficient tocure the elastomer but less than a minimum temperature at which hollowmicroparticles 306 permanently expand. At step 3005, the moldedcomponent having cured elastomers is cooled and removed from mold cavity3014. At step 3006, an external heat source such as, for example a UV orIR heat source, forced heated air, conduction by rolling on a hot plate,electromagnetic heating, etc., is used to heat the outer surface of themolded component above the minimum temperature at which hollowmicroparticles 306 permanently expand in order to permanently expandhollow microparticles 306. Once the desired level of expansion isachieved, the component is cooled resulting in core 302 having hollowmicroparticles 306 extending beyond the outer circumference of theelastomeric portion of core 302 and providing a surface texture to core302. Core 302 may then be moved to any desired finishing operations suchas, for example, a coating operation. Alternatively, a coating may beapplied prior to expanding hollow microparticles 306 and the outersurface of roll 300 may be heated to cure the coating and to permanentlyexpand hollow microparticles 306.

The surface topography and roughness of roll 300 may be tailored to adesired value based on the concentration and size of hollowmicroparticles 306 included in core 302 and the heating temperature andduration. Where roll 300 is a developer roll, the surface topography maybe tailored to achieve a desired toner mass flow. In one embodiment, thesurface roughness (Ra) of roll 300 is between 0.1 and 5.0 μm includingall values and increments therebetween. In one embodiment, the surfaceroughness (Rz) of roll 300 is between 0.1 and 25 μm including all valuesand increments therebetween. Hollow microparticles 306 act as shockabsorbers for the toner on roll 300 thereby reducing the mechanicalworking applied to the toner and ultimately the damage incurred by thetoner during the electrophotographic development process. Further,process 3000 provides a relatively simple process for manufacturing aroll having a tuned topography. Further, roll 300 may be more robust andless prone to wear issues than a comparable roll that uses beads orother particles in a coating layer to provide a desired surfacetopography. In addition, roll 300, like roll 100, has a lower mass incomparison with a roll having a solid core without hollow microparticles106.

In the example embodiment illustrated, core 302 is unground. However, agrinding operation may be applied to core 302 in order to release someof the hollow microparticles 306 to form voids in the outer surface ofcore 302 to further tune the surface roughness of core 302.

The foregoing description illustrates various aspects of the presentdisclosure. It is not intended to be exhaustive. Rather, it is chosen toillustrate the principles of the present disclosure and its practicalapplication to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to utilize thepresent disclosure, including its various modifications that naturallyfollow. All modifications and variations are contemplated within thescope of the present disclosure as determined by the appended claims.Relatively apparent modifications include combining one or more featuresof various embodiments with features of other embodiments.

1. A roll for use in an electrophotographic image forming device,comprising an elastomeric core having hollow microparticles dispersedwithin the core, the hollow microparticles being compressive andresiliently recoverable after receiving an applied force, portions of atleast some of the hollow microparticles extending beyond an outercircumference of the core providing a surface texture to the core. 2.The roll of claim 1, wherein the roll is a developer roll configured tosupply toner to a photoconductive member in the electrophotographicimage forming device.
 3. The roll of claim 1, wherein the elastomericcore is a conductive or semi-conductive soft rubber.
 4. The roll ofclaim 3, wherein the soft rubber includes at least one of siliconerubber, nitrile rubber, an ethylene propylene copolymer, polybutadiene,styrene-co-butadiene, isoprene rubber and polyurethane.
 5. The roll ofclaim 4, wherein the soft rubber includes polyurethane having anisocyanate portion and a polyol portion, the isocyanate portion includesat least one of toluene diisocyanate (TDI), polymeric TDI,diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), polymeric MDI, dicyclohexylmethanediisocyanate (H₁₂MDI), polymeric H₁₂MDI, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI),polymeric IPDI, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and polymeric HDI,and the polyol portion includes at least one of polyether, polyester andpolybutadiene.
 6. The roll of claim 3, wherein the elastomeric coreincludes at least one of an ionic conductive additive, an inherentlyconductive polymer, carbon black, carbon nanoparticles, carbon fibersand graphite.
 7. The roll of claim 1, wherein a median size of thehollow microparticles is between 1 μm and 100 μm.
 8. The roll of claim1, wherein a difference between the tenth percentile particle size ofthe hollow microparticles and the ninetieth percentile particle size ofthe hollow microparticles does not exceed one and a half times a medianparticle size of the hollow microparticles.
 9. The roll of claim 1,wherein the hollow microparticles dispersed within the core include afirst set of hollow microparticles having a first size and a second setof hollow microparticles having a second size, wherein a differencebetween the tenth percentile particle size of the hollow microparticlesand the ninetieth percentile particle size of each of the first andsecond sets of hollow microparticles does not exceed one and a halftimes a median particle size of the respective set of hollowmicroparticles.
 10. The roll of claim 1, wherein the hollowmicroparticles are compressible and substantially recoverable under apressure of 0.1 bars to 10 bars.
 11. The roll of claim 1, wherein nocoating is present on an outer surface of the elastomeric core.
 12. Theroll of claim 1, further comprising a coating having no hollowmicroparticles on an outer surface of the elastomeric core.
 13. The rollof claim 1, wherein the core has a surface roughness Ra of between 0.1μm and 5.0 μm.
 14. The roll of claim 1, wherein the core has a surfaceroughness Rz of between 0.1 μm and 25 μm.
 15. A method for forming aroll core for use in an electrophotographic image forming device,comprising: shaping the roll core from a mixture of an uncured elastomerand hollow microparticles; curing the elastomer of the shaped roll corewithout permanently expanding hollow microparticles positioned near theouter surface of the shaped roll core; and after curing, permanentlyexpanding the hollow microparticles positioned near the outer surface ofthe shaped roll core to form the roll core having compressible andresiliently recoverable hollow microparticles extending beyond an outercircumference of the roll core and providing a surface texture to theroll core.
 16. The method of claim 15, wherein shaping the roll corefrom the mixture of the uncured elastomer and hollow microparticlesincludes loading the mixture of the uncured elastomer and hollowmicroparticles into a mold cavity.
 17. The method of claim 16, whereincuring the elastomer of the shaped roll core without permanentlyexpanding the hollow microparticles positioned near the outer surface ofthe shaped roll core includes heating the mixture of the uncuredelastomer and hollow microparticles in the mold cavity to at least atemperature sufficient to cure the elastomer but not sufficient topermanently expand the hollow microparticles positioned near the outersurface of the shaped roll core.
 18. The method of claim 17, whereinpermanently expanding the hollow microparticles positioned near theouter surface of the shaped roll core includes removing the shaped rollcore from the mold cavity and then heating the outer surface of theshaped roll core to at least a temperature sufficient to permanentlyexpand the hollow microparticles.
 19. The method of claim 18, whereinheating the outer surface of the shaped roll core to at least atemperature sufficient to permanently expand the hollow microparticlesincludes heating the outer surface of the shaped roll core to between80° C. and 175° C.